Brexit sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

[[Fayl:Location map of the United Kingdom and the European Union.svg|thumb|250px|Yevropa Ittifoqi xaritasi:<br><small>Buyuk Britaniya hududi olovrang bilan ajratilgan</small>]]
'''Brexit''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/ˈbrɛksɪt, ˈbrɛɡzɪt/]];<ref>{{Veb manbasi|last1=Hall|first1=Damien|title='Breksit' or 'bregzit'? The question that divides a nation|url=https://theconversation.com/breksit-or-bregzit-the-question-that-divides-a-nation-82278|date=11-avgust 2017-yil|website=The Conversation|language=en}}</ref> {{lang-en|British}} — [[Britaniya]] va {{lang-en|Exit}} — chiqish; '''Buyuk Britaniyaning [[Yevropa Ittifoqi]]dan chiqishi''') — Buyuk Britaniyadagi [[Konservativlik|konservativ]] [[oppozitsiya]] va ayrim alohida guruhlar ([[Millatchilik|millatchilar]], [[Yevrotanqidchilik|yevrotanqidchilar]]) ning bosh maqsadi. 

[[#2016-yilgi referendum|2016-yilgi referendum]] natijalariga koʻra mamlakatning [[Yevropa Ittifoqi]]dan chiqishini yoqlab 51,9 % saylovchilar ovoz bergan. Saylovchilarning 48,1 % esa, bunga qarshi<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/politics/eu_referendum/results Referendum natijalari// BBC]</ref>. Buyuk Britaniyaning alohida subyektlarida ovoz berish natijalari har xil tus olgan: [[Shotlandiya]] va [[Shimoliy Irlandiya]]ning aksar aholisi Brexitga qarshi ovoz berishgan boʻlsa, [[Angliya]] ([[London]] bundan mustasno) va [[Uels]]dagi koʻpchilik Britaniyaning YIdan chiqishini yoqlab ovoz berganlar. Referendumning kutilmagan natijasi jahon hamjamiyatini lol qoldirdi, ayrimlar hatto shok holatiga ham tushib qolishdi, chunki koʻplab [[siyosatshunoslik|siyosatshunoslar]] buning aksi boʻlishini taxmin qilishgandi.

== Brexit masalasining tarixi ==
{{Yevropa Ittifoqi tarixi}}
1957-yilda Buyuk Britaniya [[Yevropa iqtisodiy hamjamiyati]]ga (YIH) asos solgan [[Rim shartnomasi]]ni imzolamagan. 1963 va 1967-yillardagi Britaniyaning hamjamiyatga qoʻshilish taklifi [[Fransiya]]ning oʻsha vaqtdagi prezidenti [[Charles de Gaulle]] tomonidan veto huquqi asosida rad etilgan. De Gaulle bu ishini "Britaniya iqtisodiyotidagi bir qator jabhalar, xususan, qishloq xoʻjaligida ishlash praktikasi Britaniyani Yevropa bilan nomutanosib deb topishga asosdir" deb izohlagan<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi|title=1967: De Gaulle says 'non' to Britain – again|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/november/27/newsid_4187000/4187714.stm|work=BBC News|date=27-noyabr 1976-yil|accessdate=9 Mart 2016}}</ref>.

De Gaulle Fransiya prezidentligi lavozimidan ketganidan soʻng, Buyuk Britaniya hamjamiyatga qoʻshilish uchun uchinchi marotaba taklif kiritdi va 1973-yilning 1-yanvarida YIHga qabul qilindi. Bu qoʻshilish konservativ [[Edward Heath]] davrida yuz berdi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi|title=1973: Britain joins the EEC|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_2459000/2459167.stm|work=BBC News|date=1-yanvar 1973-yil|accessdate=9 Mart 2016}}</ref>. 1974-yil oktyabr oyida boʻlib oʻtgan saylovlarda Britaniyaning YIHda qolish masalasida referendum oʻtkazishni vaʼda qilgan [[Harold Wilson]] boshchiligidagi oppozitsion Leyboristik partiya yutib chiqdi.

1975-yil Buyuk Britaniyaning YIHda qolish yoki qolmaslik masalasida referendum oʻtkazildi. Barcha asosiy siyosiy partiyalar va OAV Britaniyaning YIHda qolishini yoqlab chiqdilar. Bundan tashqari Leyboristik partiyaning oʻzida bu masala yuzasidan fikrlar ikkiga boʻlindi. 1975-yil 26-aprel kuni bir kunlik partiya konferensiyasida ovozlar Brexit foydasiga 2:1 ko'rinish oldi. Vazirlar mahkamasi oʻta yevropachilar va oʻta aksilyevropachilarga boʻlinib ketganligi yuzasidan, Harold Wilson [[mahkamaning jamoaviy masʼuliyati]] haqidagi [[konstitutsion udum]]ni toʻxtatib qoʻyib, vazirlarga har ikki tomondan ommaviy kampaniyalar chaqirishni taklif qildi. Yigirma uch kishidan yettitasi YIHga aʼzolikdan chiqish taklifini quvvatladilar<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://eureferendum.com/documents/1975referendum1.pdf|format=PDF|title=The 1975 Referendum|author=DAvis Butler|website=Eureferendum.com|accessdate=19-may 2016-yil|archive-date=2016-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815034037/http://eureferendum.com/documents/1975referendum1.pdf}}</ref>.

1975-yil 5-iyunda boʻlib oʻtgan referendumda saylovchilar oldiga: "Nima deb oʻylaysiz, Buyuk Britaniya Yevropa hamjamiyatida (umumiy bozorda) qolishi kerakmi?" degan savol tashlandi. [[Shetland orollari]] va [[Tashqi Hebrid orollari]]dan boshqa barcha okruglarda asosan "ha" deya javob qaytarishdi. Ovozlar soniga koʻra Britaniya Yevropa iqtisodiy hamjamiyatida qoldi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7253#fullreport|title=Research Briefings – The 1974–75 UK Renegotiation of EEC Membership and Referendum|website=Researchbriefings.parliament.uk|accessdate=19-may 2016-yil}}</ref>.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!"Ha" ovozlar
!"Ha" foizda
!"Yoʻq" ovozlar
!"Yoʻq" foizda
!Ovoz berganlar foizi
|-
|17 378 581
|67,2
|8 470 073
|32,8
|64,5
|}

1993-yil 1-noyabrda [[Maastrixt shartnomasi]]ga koʻra Yevropa iqtisodiy hamjamiyati [[Yevropa Ittifoqi]] deb yuritila boshlandi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://europa.eu/eu-law/decision-making/treaties/index_en.htm|title=EUROPA – EU treaties|website=Europa.eu|accessdate=19-may 2016-yil|archivedate=2016-05-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505025414/http://europa.eu/eu-law/decision-making/treaties/index_en.htm}} {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505025414/http://europa.eu/eu-law/decision-making/treaties/index_en.htm |date=2016-05-05 }}</ref>. Oʻz nomiga mos oʻlaroq sof iqtisodiy ittifoq sof siyosiy ittifoqqa aylandi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://europa.eu/about-eu/basic-information/about/index_en.htm|title=EUROPA – The EU in brief|website=Europa.eu|accessdate=19-may 2016-yil}}</ref>.

1990-yillar boshlarida yevrotanqidchilarning siyosiy partiyasi — [[Birlashgan Qirollik ozodlik partiyasi]] (UKIP) tuzildi. Bu partiya 2004 yilgi Yevroparlament saylovlarida 3-oʻrinni, 2009-yilda 2-oʻrinni, 2014-yilda esa 1-oʻrinni egalladi (umumiy ovozlarning 27,5 foizi)<ref>{{Veb manbasi|title=10 key lessons from the European election results|url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/may/26/10-key-lessons-european-election-results|work=The Guardian|date=26-may 2014-yil|accessdate=31-may 2014-yil}}</ref>.

== 2016-yilgi referendum ==

{{main|Buyuk Britaniyaning Yevropa Ittifoqiga aʼzoligi yuzasidan oʻtkazilgan referendum}}

{{Infobox referendum|name=Buyuk Britaniyaning Yevropa Ittifoqida qolish masalasida oʻtkazilgan referendum<br/><small>23-iyun 2016</small>|date=|title=''Birlashgan Qirollik Yevropa Ittifoqida<br>qolishi kerakmi?''<ref name=autogenerated3>{{Veb manbasi|title=Britaniya tashqi ishlar vaziri mamlakatni YIda olib qolishning yoʻlini aytdi|url=http://www.rbc.ru/politics/03/10/2015/560f60099a79472a90f9daf0|date=2015-10-03|publisher=[[РБК]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated2>{{Veb manbasi|title=Britaniya tashqi ishlar vaziri: agar oʻzgarishlarga qoʻl urilsa, biz YIda qolishga tayyormiz|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2824841|date=2015-03-10|publisher=[[Коммерсантъ]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><br/> {{lang-en|Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union?}}|yes=16141241|no=17410742|total=33551983|electorate=46501241|map=Fayl:United Kingdom EU referendum 2016 area results.svg|mapdivision=Ovoz berishda ishtirok etgan hududlarda koʻrinish|mapcaption={{legend|#24B14C}}{{legend|#FFDF00}}|choice1color=#FFDF00|choice2color=#00f|notes=|Legenda uchun 1-variant=Yevropa Ittifoqi aʼzosi sifatida qolish<ref name=autogenerated3 /><ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref name=autogenerated5>{{Veb manbasi|title=Britaniyaning YIda qolishi masalasidagi referendumi savol javoblarda|url=http://www.bbc.com/russian/uk/2016/02/160218_uk_eu_referendum_q_and_a|date=2016-02-18|publisher=[[BBC rus xizmati]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated7>{{Veb manbasi|title=Buyuk Britaniya YIda qolish masalasini qayta koʻrib chiqadi|url=https://lenta.ru/news/2015/09/01/english_do_you_speak_it/|date=2015-09-01|publisher=[[Lenta.ru]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated6>{{Veb manbasi|author=Yevgeniy Pudovkin – jurnalist|title=Kemeron ultimatumi|url=http://www.ng.ru/dipkurer/2015-11-02/9_cameron.html|date=2015-11-02|publisher=[[Независимая газета]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{Veb manbasi|title=Buyuk Britaniya YIdan chiqish masalasida referendum oʻtkazmoqchi, London qolish tarafdori. Bu nima degani?|url=https://meduza.io/feature/2016/02/20/london-hochet-ostatsya|date=2016-02-20|publisher=[[Meduza]]|accessdate=2016-03-10}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated4>{{Veb manbasi|author=[[ТАСС]]|title=Buyuk Britaniyaning YIga aʼzoligi yuzasidan referendum iyunda oʻtkazilishi mumkin - Britaniya TIV|url=http://ru.euronews.com/newswires/3135683-newswire/|date=2016-01-26|publisher=[[Euronews]]|accessdate=2016-03-10|arxivsana=2016-03-10|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310194100/http://ru.euronews.com/newswires/3135683-newswire/}}</ref> ({{lang-en|Remain}})|Legenda uchun 2-variant=Yevropa Ittifoqidan chiqish<ref name=autogenerated3 /><ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref name=autogenerated5 /><ref name=autogenerated7 /><ref name=autogenerated6 /><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref name=autogenerated4 /> ({{lang-en|Leave}})}}

=== Brexitning Fond birjalariga taʼsiri  ===
Brexit natijasida jahon fond birjalaridagi koʻplab indekslarning keskin pasayib ketishi kuzatildi, xususan, NIKKEI (Yaponiya) aksiyalari 1.286<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://ru.investing.com/indices/japan-ni225|title=Nikkei 225 (N225) indeksi - Investing.com|publisher=investing.com Rossiya|lang=ru-RU|accessdate=2017-02-14}}</ref> punktgacha pasayib ketdi, shundan soʻng, indekslar tushishi davom etishining oldini olish maqsadida birja savdolari yopildi.

23-iyun 2016-yil sanasidagi referendum natijalari eʼlon qilinishi bilanoq Britaniya funt-sterlingining AQSH dollariga nisbatan narxi pasayib ketdi<ref>http://newbie-forex-trader.blogspot.ru/2016/09/brexit.html</ref>.

=== Brexitga Buyuk Britaniya bosh vazirining munosabati ===
[[David Cameron]], agar Birlashgan Qirollik YIdan chiqib, oʻz yoʻlidan yuradigan boʻlsa, unda mamlakatga yangi hukumat rahbari kerakligini, oʻzi esa isteʼfoga chiqishini eʼlon qildi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://izvestia.ru/news/619362|title=Brexit boʻyicha referendum oʻtkazilganidan keyin Devid Kemeron isteʼfo eʼlon qilmoqchi|accessdate=2016-06-24}}</ref>.

{{Iqtibos|"Ularning qarorini hurmat qilish kerak. Mening mamlakatim tomonida turib ovoz berganlarning barchasiga oʻz minnatdorchiligimni bildirmoqchiman" - Devid Kemeronning Britaniya xalqiga murojaatidan soʻzboshi.}}

Devid Kemeron Britaniya bosh vaziri lavozimidan voz kechgach, bu lavozimni [[Theresa May]] qabul qildi va u 2017-yilning 16-aprelida Britaniya xalqini Pasxa bayrami bilan tabriklarkan, Yevroittifoqdan chiqish Birlashgan Qirollik aholisini gʻoyaviy jihatdan va yangi imkoniyatlar atrofida birlashtirishi haqida gapirgan. Mey xonimning fikricha, Brexit xalqni birlashtiribgina qolmay, u Britaniyaliklarning umummanfaatlarini ham ifoda etadi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://kun.uz/news/2017/04/16/tereza-mej-brexit-buuk-britaniani-birlastiradi|title=Tereza Mey: Brexit Buyuk Britaniyani birlashtiradi|publisher=kun.uz Oʻzbekiston|accessdate=2017-04-16}}</ref>.

=== OAVning munosabati ===
[[BBC]]: {{Iqtibos|Birlashgan Qirollik uzoq 43 yillik aʼzolikdan soʻng Yevropa Ittifoqi tarkibidan chiqish uchun ovoz berdi. [[Birlashgan Qirollik ozodlik partiyasi|UKIP]] raisi 23-iyunni "Mustaqillik kuni" deb atadi, funtning kursi dollarga nisbatan 1985-yil holatigacha pasayib ketdi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= http://www.bbc.com/russian/multimedia/2016/06/160624_brexit_moments_inpics|title= Tarixiy onlar fotografiyalarda: Britaniya YIni tark etmoqda|date= 2016-06-24|work= BBC.Com|publisher= BBC|accessdate= 2016-12-28|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161229101849/http://www.bbc.com/russian/multimedia/2016/06/160624_brexit_moments_inpics|archivedate= 2016-12-29}}</ref>.}}

[[CNN]]:{{Iqtibos|Ovoz berishda Birlashgan Qirollikning YIdan chiqishi tarafdorlari gʻolib kelishdi – bu Ittifoqdan chiqish uchun ovoz bergan birinchi mamlakat.}}

[[RT|Russia Today]]:{{Iqtibos|Britaniyaliklar 52 % ga 48 % hisobida Yevroittifoqdan chiqish uchun ovoz berdilar. Funt kursining keskin pasayib ketganligi haqidagi xabar birjalarni vahimaga solmoqda<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= https://www.rt.com/news/348125-official-outcome-brexit-referendum/|title= It's official: UK votes to leave EU|date= 2016-06-24|work= RT.com|publisher= Autonomous Nonprofit Organization “TV-Novosti”|accessdate= 2016-12-27|lang= en|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161229170512/https://www.rt.com/news/348125-official-outcome-brexit-referendum/|archivedate= 2016-12-29}}</ref>.}}

Rossiyskaya [[gazeta]]: {{Iqtibos|Buyuk Britaniyadagi referendumda mamlakatning YIdan chiqishi tarafdorlari gʻolib boʻldilar. Natijalarga koʻra, ular opponentlaridan 1,26 million kishiga koʻproq. Tarafdorlar 52 foiz (17,41 million kishi) ovoz toʻplashga erishishdi. Qarshilar esa 48 foiz ovozga ega boʻldilar<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= https://rg.ru/2016/06/24/itogi-storonniki-vyhoda-velikobritanii-iz-es-pobedili-na-referendume.html|title= Итоги: Сторонники выхода Британии из ЕС победили на референдуме|date= 2016-06-24|work= RG.ru|publisher= ФГБУ «Редакция «[[Rossiyskaya gazeta|Российской газеты]]»|accessdate= 2016-12-28|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161229102034/https://rg.ru/2016/06/24/itogi-storonniki-vyhoda-velikobritanii-iz-es-pobedili-na-referendume.html|archivedate= 2016-12-29}}</ref>.}}

=== Brexitning amaliy oqibatlari ===
23-iyun kuni referendum natijalari eʼlon qilingach, Britaniya fuqarolari orasida Yevroittifoqdan yashash uchun fuqarolik soʻrash holatlari avjga chiqdi. Yoz oylarida YIning Londondagi 16 ta diplomatik korpus vakillari aholi oʻrtasida ittifoqning boshqa mamlakati pasportini olishga talab kuchayib ketganligini qayd etishdi. Talabning oshishiga sabab esa, britaniyaliklarning referendumdan avvalgi kabi YI mamlakatlari boʻylab erkin sayohat qilishni istashlari<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-21/scale-of-british-rush-for-freedom-of-movement-passports-revealed|title= Scale of British Rush for Freedom-of-Movement Passports Revealed|first= Thomas.|last= Seal|date= 2016-08-22|work= Bloomberg.Com|publisher= Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate= 2016-12-28|lang= en|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160825164424/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-21/scale-of-british-rush-for-freedom-of-movement-passports-revealed|archivedate= 2016-08-25}}</ref>.

Referendumdan soʻng bir oy ichida Britaniyadagi turistlar soni 18 %ga oshdi. Turizm bozorining 500 vakili oʻrtasida olib borilgan tadqiqotlar shuni koʻrsatadiki, funt sterling qiymatining pasayib ketishi britaniyaliklar orasida ichki va tashqi turizmning rivojlanishiga olib kelgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= http://www.travelmole.com/news_feature.php?news_id=2023417&c=setreg&region=2|title= British tourism sees post-Brexit boom|date= 2016-08-19|work= Travelmole.Com|publisher= Travelmole|accessdate= 2016-12-28|lang= en|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161229100630/http://www.travelmole.com/news_feature.php?news_id=2023417&c=setreg&region=2|archivedate= 2016-12-29}}</ref>.

Britaniyalik xaridorlar Brexitdan keyingi shok holatidan tez chiqib olishdi: 2016-yil iyul oyida chakana savdo koʻrsatkichi taxmin qilinganidan ham koʻproq oshdi. Iliq havo kiyim-kechak savdosi oshishiga xizmat qildi, funtning tushib ketishi esa, qimmat soatlar va zargarlik buyumlarini xarid qilish uchun kelgan xorijliklarning soni oshishini taʼminladi. 
Chakana savdolar hajmi avvalgiga nisbatan 1,4 %ga oshdi (aslida 0,2 % taxmin qilingandi). Soatlar va zargarlik buyumlari savdosi 16,6 %ga oshdi, bu oxrigi ikki yil ichidagi eng yuqori koʻrsatkich.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url= https://www.gazeta.ru/lifestyle/news/2016/08/19/n_9016199.shtml|title= Britaniyalik xaridorlar Brexitdan keyingi shok holatidan tez chiqib olishdi|date= 2016-08-19|work= Газета.Ru|publisher= «Газета.Ру», АО|accessdate= 2016-12-28|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161229170547/https://www.gazeta.ru/lifestyle/news/2016/08/19/n_9016199.shtml|archivedate= 2016-12-29}}</ref>

Birlashgan Qirollik Fiksal tadqiqotlar institutining hisob-kitoblariga koʻra, Britaniya YIdan chiqsa, har bir britaniyalik oila yiliga £1,250 (€1474 atrofida<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url= https://www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2016/11/25/n_9374927.shtml|title= Tadqiqot: Brexit tufayli har bir britaniyalik oila yiliga €1474 yoʻqotadi|date= 2016-11-25|work= Газета.Ru|publisher= «Газета.Ру», АО|accessdate=2016-11-25|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161125141211/https://www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2016/11/25/n_9374927.shtml|archivedate =2016-11-25}}</ref>) yoʻqotadi.

Aholi daromadlarining pasayishi yiliga 3,7% ni etishi taxmin qilinmoqda. Institut xodimining gaplariga qaraganda: "Oʻzgarishlar mamlakatning butun aholisi hayotiga taʼsir qiladi, ish joylarining qisqarishi sabab yoʻqotishlarni asosan ishchi sinf vakillari his qiladilar, nafaqaxoʻrlar esa bunday tashvishlardan holi"<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-economic-impact-uk-autumn-statement-debt-loss-household-1250-institute-for-fiscal-studies-a7437131.html|title= Every household will lose £1,250 a year because of Brexit, says Institute for Fiscal Studies|subtitle= The respected think tank also warns that working families will be hit hardest by a referendum-induced slump in earnings - with pensioners protected|first= Rob.|last= Merrick| date= 2016-11-24|work= Independent.Co.Uk|publisher= Independent Digital News & Media|accessdate=2016-11-24|lang= en|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161125124805/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-economic-impact-uk-autumn-statement-debt-loss-household-1250-institute-for-fiscal-studies-a7437131.html |archivedate =2016-11-25}}</ref>.

Brexit Britaniya moliyaviy sektoriga ham uzoq muddatli zarar yetkazishi mumkin. Buning negizi oʻlaroq isteʼdodli kishilarning mamlakatdan chiqib ketishi mumkinligi aytilmoqda<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url= https://www.toptal.com/finance/market-research-analysts/brexit-and-its-effect-on-the-uk-european-and-global-financial-sector|title= The Impact of Brexit on the Financial Services Sector|first= Toby|last= Clarence-Smith|publisher= Toptal|accessdate=2017-04-11|lang= en}}</ref>.

==Ittifoqdagi soʻnggi kunlar==
[[Fayl:Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg|thumb|300px|2020-yil 31-yanvar kechasi [[Buyuk Britaniya]]ning [[Yevropa Ittifoqi]]dan chiqishini minglab odamlar [[London]]dagi Parlament maydonida (Parliament Square) kutib olishyapti.]]
2020-yil 24-yanvarda Yevropa Ittifoqi rahbariyati va Buyuk Britaniya bosh vaziri [[Boris Johnson]] Brexit boʻyicha kelishuvni imzoladilar.

2020-yil 29-yanvarda Yevroparlament Britaniyaning Yevropa Ittifoqidan chiqishi boʻyicha kelishuvni ratifikatsiya qildi. Brexit boʻyicha kelishuvni 631 nafar deputat qoʻllab-quvvatlagan, 49 nafari qarshilik bildirgan, 13 kishi betaraf qolgan. Ovoz berishdan oldin debatlar tashkil qilindi, debatga kelgan deputatlarning bir qismi Buyuk Britaniya va Yevropa Ittifoqi ramzlari tushirilgan va “Always United” (“Abadiy birga”) deb yozilgan sharflarda kelishgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20200128IPR71204/brexit-deal-approved-by-the-european-parliament|title=Brexit deal approved by the European Parliament|author=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/|website=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/|accessdate=29-yanvar 2020-yil}}</ref>.

2020-yil 30-yanvar kuni Yevropa Kengashi Brexit boʻyicha kelishuvni ma’qulladi.

31-yanvar kuni Qirollik zarbxonasi Brexitga atab 1,5 ming dona 50 pens qiymatidagi oltin tangalarni sotuvga chiqardi. Har bir tanganing narxi 945 funt sterlingni tashkil etadi. Bundan tashqari yana cheklangan miqdorda 50 penslik tangalardan iborat toʻplamlar ham sotuvga qoʻyilgan. Toʻplamdagi tangalardan biri 1973-yil Buyuk Britaniyaning Yevropa iqtisodiy hamjamiyatiga kirishi sharafiga zarb etilgan boʻlsa, ikkinchisi 2020-yilgi Brezitga atalgandir. Bunday toʻplamlardan 5 ming donasi 30 funt sterlingdan sotuvga qoʻyilgan.
 
2020-yil 31-yanvar Grinvich vaqti bilan soat 23:00 da (Toshkent vaqti bilan 1-fevral tonggi soat 04:00 da) 47 yillik a’zolikdan soʻng Buyuk Britaniya rasman Yevropa Ittifoqini tark etdi. Shu kuni yuzlab Brexit tarafdorlari Londondagi Vestminster saroyi qarshisida Britaniyaning YIdan chiqishini nishonlash uchun toʻplandilar, vatanparvarlik ruhidagi qoʻshiqlarni kuyladilar. Brexitni qoʻllab-quvvatlovchi siyosatchilar soʻzga chiqdilar. YIdan chiqishga qarshi boʻlganlar esa London koʻchalarida marsh uyushtirdilar, Shotlandiyada ham Brexitga qarshi mitinglar boʻlib oʻtgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51333314|title=UK leaves the European Union|author=BBC|website=https://www.bbc.com/|accessdate=1 february 2020}}</ref>. YIning Bryusseldagi qarorgohi qarshisidan Buyuk Britaniya bayrogʻi olinib, Yevropa Ittifoqi bayrogʻi oʻrnatildi, Britaniyadagi rasmiy binolardan ham Yevropa Ittifoqi bayroqlari olib qoʻyildi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://news.sky.com/story/brexit-day-live-pm-to-hold-cabinet-in-leave-supporting-sunderland-11922286|title=LIVE: Celebrations and regret as Britain quits EU after 47 years|author=Sky News|website=https://news.sky.com/|accessdate=31-yanvar 2020-yil}}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar|2}}
== Havolalar ==
* [https://services.parliament.uk/bills/2019-20/earlyparliamentarygeneralelection.html Early Parliamentary General Election Bill 2019-20, Progress in Parliament] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031224436/https://services.parliament.uk/Bills/2019-20/earlyparliamentarygeneralelection.html |date=2019-10-31 }}
* [https://www.gov.uk/government/brexit UK government's Brexit information]
* [https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/article-50-and-negotiations-with-the-eu UK government's official negotiation documents]
* [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/unitedkingdom/en/brexitpublic/brexitstudies.html European Parliament – Brexit impact studies]
* [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/761852/05_December-_EU_Exit_Attorney_General_s_legal_advice_to_Cabinet_on_the_Withdrawal_Agreement_and_the_Protocol_on_Ireland-Northern_Ireland.pdf ''Legal Effect of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland'', [[:en:Geoffrey Cox (British politician)#Attorney General|Attorney General's]] advice to Prime Minister, 13-noyabr 2018-yil]
* [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/756376/14_November_Explainer_for_the_agreement_on_the_withdrawal_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland_from_the_European_Union___1_.pdf UK government's ''Explainer'' (for the withdrawal agreement) 14-noyabr 2018-yil]
* [https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldeucom/245/245.pdf House of Lords report analysing the proposed Withdrawal Agreement, 5{{nbsp}}December 2018]
* [https://ec.europa.eu/commission/brexit-negotiations/negotiating-documents-article-50-negotiations-united-kingdom_en EU's official negotiation documents]
* [http://www.parliament.uk/business/news/european-union UK Parliament – Brexit News]
* [https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7912 Reading list of post-EU Referendum publications by Parliament and the Devolved Assemblies] – House of Commons Library
* [https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7815 Record of Brexit-related business in the devolved legislatures] (Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales) – House of Commons Library
* [http://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-exiting-the-european-union Gov UK – Department for Exiting the European Union]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37507129 BBC: "Brexit: What are the options?" (10-oktabr 2016-yil)]
* [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-46393399 BBC: "Brexit vote: What could happen next?" (17-dekabr 2018-yil)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170510154849/http://www.barcouncil.org.uk/media/508513/the_brexit_papers.pdf ''The Brexit Papers'', Bar Council, December 2016]
* [https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/the-governments-negotiating-objectives-for-exiting-the-eu-pm-speech ''Plan for Britain: The government's negotiating objectives for exiting the EU'': PM's speech delivered and published on 17-yanvar 2017-yil] – transcript of speech as delivered at Lancaster House, London
* [https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/588948/The_United_Kingdoms_exit_from_and_partnership_with_the_EU_Web.pdf ''The United Kingdom's exit from and new partnership with the European Union'', February 2017 ("White paper")]
* [http://quotes.euronews.com/topic/brexit Quotes about Brexit] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114185045/http://quotes.euronews.com/topic/brexit |date=2017-11-14 }} [[Euronews]]da
* [http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2017/04/29-euco-brexit-guidelines European Council Brexit Guidelines]
* [https://www.niesr.ac.uk/sites/default/files/publications/NIESR%20Report%20Brexit%20-%202018-11-26.pdf ''The economic effects of the government's proposed Brexit deal''] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227153734/https://www.niesr.ac.uk/sites/default/files/publications/NIESR%20Report%20Brexit%20-%202018-11-26.pdf |date=2020-12-27 }} National Institute of Economic and Social Research, November 2018
* [http://blogs.sussex.ac.uk/uktpo/2018/02/06/manufacturing-industry/ How will Brexit affect the UK's manufacturing industry?] UK Trade Policy Observatory, February 2018
* [https://www.civilservant.org.uk/library/2018-Ivan_Rogers-the_real_post-Brexit_options.pdf The real post-Brexit options] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019121828/https://www.civilservant.org.uk/library/2018-Ivan_Rogers-the_real_post-Brexit_options.pdf |date=2019-10-19 }} Lecture by Ivan Rogers at the University of Glasgow, 23-may 2018-yil
* [https://ukandeu.ac.uk/explainers/what-are-the-options-for-the-uks-trading-relationship-with-the-eu-after-brexit/ What are the options for the UK's trading relationship with the EU after Brexit?] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022134307/http://ukandeu.ac.uk/explainers/what-are-the-options-for-the-uks-trading-relationship-with-the-eu-after-brexit/ |date=2019-10-22 }} UK in a Changing Europe, King's College London, December 2018
* [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/19/brexit-phrasebook-a-guide-to-the-talks-key-terms Brexit phrasebook: a guide to the talks' key terms] [[The Guardian]], 23-noyabr 2018-yil
* [https://www.conservativehome.com/platform/2019/03/lord-ashcroft-how-the-united-kingdom-voted-on-eu-referendum-day-and-why.html ''Lord Ashcroft: How the United Kingdom voted on EU referendum day – and why''] Conservative Home, 17-mart 2019-yil
* [https://www.dfa.ie/media/dfa/eu/brexit/keydocuments/Omnibus-Bill-Memo.pdf Explanatory Memorandum for the ''Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (Consequential Provisions) Bill 2019'' introduced by the Irish government in the legislature ([[Oireachtas]])]
* [https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ%3AL%3A2019%3A080I%3AFULL&from=EN EU Council decision, 22-mart 2019-yil, extending the negotiating period]

'''Relating to court cases'''
* [http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKSC/2017/5.html Judgment] of the [[Supreme Court of the United Kingdom]] in ''[[R (Miller) v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union]]''
* [http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=208636&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=1085843 Judgment] of the [[European Court of Justice]] in the Wightman case: Right of unilateral revocation of the notification
* ''[[Wilson v Prime Minister]]'' [2018] [https://www.ukineuchallenge.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/260395-Judgment-10.12.2018-Version-for-publication.pdf EWHC 3520 (Admin)] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116153032/https://www.ukineuchallenge.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/260395-Judgment-10.12.2018-Version-for-publication.pdf |date=2019-01-16 }}
* Ewan McGaughey [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09615768.2018.1555881 ''Could Brexit be Void?''] King's Law Journal, Volume 29, 2018, Issue 3
* [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2017/599352/EPRS_IDA(2017)599352_EN.pdf ''UK withdrawal from the European Union: Legal and procedural issues''] European Parliamentary Research Service, March 2017
* Ronan McCrea [https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit/2018/12/20/the-legal-issues-of-revoking-the-notification-to-leave-the-eu-but-then-notifying-to-leave-again/ ''The legal issues of revoking the notification to leave the EU – but then notifying to leave again''] London School of Economics, 20-dekabr 2018-yil


[[Turkum:Brexit| ]]
[[Turkum:Buyuk Britaniya]]