Sakrayogan Jon sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

'''Sakrayotgan Jon''' ({{lang-en|hoppin' John}}) — anʼanaviy Janubiy Amerika taomidir{{Sfn|The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture|2009}} vigna, [[Sholi|guruch]], maydalangan [[piyoz]] va achchiq qalampir, tuz va [[sarimsoq]] bilan ziravorlangan [[bekon]] boʻlaklaridan tayyorlanadi{{Sfn|Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach|2009}}.

„Sakrayotgan Jon“ hikoyasi Qoʻshma Shtatlardagi qullik davriga borib taqaladi. Uning asosiy tarkibiy qismi boʻlgan vigna oʻsha paytda [[Gʻarbiy Afrika|Gʻarbiy Afrikada]] keng tarqalgan edi<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.tropicalforages.info/key/Forages/Media/Html/Vigna_unguiculata.htm|sarlavha=Vigna unguiculata|nashriyot=tropicalforages.info|til=inglizcha|qaralgan sana=22-avgust 2016-yil|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214033732/http://www.tropicalforages.info/key/Forages/Media/Html/Vigna_unguiculata.htm|arxivsana=2010-12-14}}</ref>{{Sfn|Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach|2009}}. Shuning uchun, unga asoslangan taomni tayyorlash Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlariga import qilingan Kongo qullari uchun oson edi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|author=Dosier S.|title=Civil War Cooking: The Confederacy|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=4_UlaxCZpRUC|edition=Blue Earth Books: Exploring History Through Simple Recipes Series|publisher=Capstone|year=2000|pages=26|allpages=31|isbn=0736803505}}</ref>. Taomni surlangan mol goʻshti yordamida tayyorlagan [[Senegal]] va [[Nigeriya]] [[Musulmon|musulmonlari]] yoki Seminole hindulari tufayli paydo boʻlgan versiyalari{{Sfn|James E. McWilliams|2007}} mavjud.

Taom nomining kelib chiqishi haqida aniq maʼlumotlar yoʻq. Bir versiyaga koʻra, u fransuzcha ''pois pigeons'' [pwapiˈʒɔ̃] (kabutar noʻxati) iborasidan, boshqasiga koʻra, [[Hind tili|hindcha]] ''bahatta kachang iborasining'' [[Madagaskar]] talaffuzidan kelib chiqqan, yaʼni noʻxat{{Sfn|James E. McWilliams|2007}} degan maʼnoda.

„Sakrayotgan Jon“ odatda [[1-yanvar|1-yanvarda]] isteʼmol qilinadi. Bu taom yangi yilda boylik va omad keltiradi, deb ishoniladi{{Sfn|Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach|2009}}<ref>{{kitob manbasi|title=366 Delicious Ways to Cook Rice, Beans, and Grains|year=1998|Plume|en|Plume (publisher)}}|mesto=New York|isbn=978-0-452-27654-3|ssilka=https://books.google.com/books?id=k5psVbxGQkIC|stranitsi=51|ref=Chesman|avtor=Chesman{{Oʻlikhavola|date=mart 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, A.}}</ref>{{Sfn|The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture|2009}}. Noʻxat [[Tanga|tangalarni]], koʻkatlar — bu [[AQSh dollari|dollar]] [[Banknotlar|pullarini]]{{Sfn|Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach|2009}} va taom bilan birga beriladigan makkajoʻxori noni — [[Oltin|oltinni]] anglatadi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|author=Albala K.|title=Beans: A History|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=hTBv607RId8C|publisher=Berg|year=2007|allpages=256|isbn=0857850784}}</ref>. „Sakrayotgan Jon“ ning qoldiqlari „Sakrayotgan Jenny“ deb nomlanadi ({{lang-en|skippin' Jenny}}), ular egalarining tejamkorligini ifodalaydi; qoldiqlarini isteʼmol qilish kelgusi yilda boyib ketish imkoniyatini oshiradi, deb ishoniladi<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Vann M |title=Beyond Black-Eyed Peas: New Year's good-luck foods |language=inglizcha |publisher=[[:en:The Austin Chronicle|The Austin Chronicle]] |url=http://www.austinchronicle.com/food/2008-12-26/718923/ |access-date=22-avgust 2016-yil |archive-date=4-iyun 2011-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604160114/http://www.austinchronicle.com/food/2008-12-26/718923/ }}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
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== Adabiyotlar ==
* {{kitob manbasi|author=James E. McWilliams|title=A Revolution in Eating: How the Quest for Food Shaped America|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=dZ4SQwZastEC|edition=Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History Series|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2007|страниц=386|isbn=0231129939|ref=James E. McWilliams}}
* {{kitob manbasi|author=Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach|title=What the Slaves Ate: Recollections of African American Foods and Foodways from the Slave Narratives|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=xhpBsIa5yqEC|edition=American mosaic|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2009|страниц=311|isbn=031337497X|ref=Herbert C. Covey, Dwight Eisnach}}
* {{kitob manbasi|author=John T. Edge|title=The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=JGEZPxw1SiEC|edition=7: Foodways: Easyread Large Bold Edition|publisher=ReadHowYouWant|year=2009|volume=1|страниц=328|isbn=145872171X|ref=The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture}}
== Havolalar ==
* {{veb manbasi|url=http://www.talerka.ru/recept/usa/hoppin_john/|sarlavha=Скачущий Джон — рецепт|nashriyot=talerka.ru|qaralgan sana=26-dekabr 2012-yil|arxivurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6DwZzK4PK?url=http://www.talerka.ru/recept/usa/hoppin_john/|arxivsana=2013-01-25}}
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